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Pendant side-chain sterics against electrostatic forces: Influencing short-range ordering in random polyelectrolytes

Nwosu, Chinomso; Coughlin, E. Bryan

(Natural) polymersApplicationCharacteristic dimensionCharacterizationCustomer publicationsMaterialPolymer researchTechniqueWAXS

Pendant side-chain sterics against electrostatic forces: Influencing short-range ordering in random polyelectrolytes

Nwosu, Chinomso; Coughlin, E. Bryan

The length of pendant side chains in charged, random, comb-shaped polymers dictates the nature of their short-range ordering. Random copolymers, and terpolymer, of 4-vinylpyridine (4VP), styrene, and isoprene were synthesized and subsequently fully quaternized with 1-alkylbromides having varying number of carbons on the alkyl group ranging from 2 to 8.…
Two Growth Mechanisms of Thiol-Capped Gold Nanoparticles Controlled by Ligand Chemistry

Chen, Xuelian; Wei, Meng; Jiang, Shaohua; Förster, Stephan

ApplicationCharacterizationCustomer publicationsMaterialMetalsNanoparticles & colloidsParticle size and size distributionParticlesSAXSShapeSizeTechnique

Two Growth Mechanisms of Thiol-Capped Gold Nanoparticles Controlled by Ligand Chemistry

Chen, Xuelian; Wei, Meng; Jiang, Shaohua; Förster, Stephan

Thiols play an important role in the synthesis of well-defined nanoparticles (NPs) with tailored properties, but their effects on the formation kinetics of NPs are still under investigation. Here, we used in situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS)/UV–vis spectroscopy and time-dependent transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to elucidate the role of thiols…
Nucleation and Growth Kinetics of ZnO Nanoparticles Studied by in Situ Microfluidic SAXS/WAXS/UV–Vis Experiments

Herbst, Maria; Hofmann, Eddie; Förster, Stephan

ApplicationCharacterizationCrystalline fractionCustomer publicationsInorganic materialMaterialNanoparticles & colloidsParticlesSAXSShapeSizeTechniqueWAXS

Nucleation and Growth Kinetics of ZnO Nanoparticles Studied by in Situ Microfluidic SAXS/WAXS/UV–Vis Experiments

Herbst, Maria; Hofmann, Eddie; Förster, Stephan

The synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles proceeds through a complex sequence of precursor reactions, nucleation, and growth processes. For further advancement and control of nanoparticle synthesis, a detailed understanding of the mechanisms and kinetics is essential. With the recent advancement in X-ray scattering and spectroscopy methods, in situ experiments during nanoparticle…
4D biofabrication of skeletal muscle microtissues

Apsite, Indra; Uribe, Juan Manuel; Posada, Andrés Fernando; Rosenfeldt, Sabine; Salehi, Sahar; Ionov, Leonid

ApplicationCharacterizationCustomer publicationsFibersFractal dimensionMaterialOrientation analysisOtherSAXSTechnique

4D biofabrication of skeletal muscle microtissues

Apsite, Indra; Uribe, Juan Manuel; Posada, Andrés Fernando; Rosenfeldt, Sabine; Salehi, Sahar; Ionov, Leonid

Skeletal muscle is one of the most abundant tissues in the body. Although it has a relatively good regeneration capacity, it cannot heal in the case of disease or severe damage. Many current tissue engineering strategies fall short due to the complex structure of skeletal muscle. Biofabrication techniques have emerged…
Fragmentation of 1,2-Polybutadiene-block-Poly(ethylene oxide) Micelles in Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids

Early, Julia T.; Lodge, Timothy P.

(Natural) polymersApplicationCharacteristic dimensionCharacterizationCustomer publicationsMaterialPolymer researchSAXSSelf-assembled materialTechnique

Fragmentation of 1,2-Polybutadiene-block-Poly(ethylene oxide) Micelles in Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids

Early, Julia T.; Lodge, Timothy P.

The effect of solvent selectivity on the fragmentation kinetics of spherical micelles formed by a 1,2-polybutadiene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) “BO” copolymer in five 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide-based ionic liquids (ILs), (, where n = methyl, ethyl, butyl, hexyl, and octyl) was investigated by temperature-jump dynamic light scattering (T-jump DLS),…
A Cross-Method Comparison of Sub-10 nm Nanoparticle Size Distribution

Yang, Ye; Liao, Suiyang; Luo, Zhi; Qi, Runzhang; Mac Fhionnlaoich, Niamh; Stellacci, Francesco; Guldin, Stefan

ApplicationCharacterizationCustomer publicationsMaterialNanoparticles & colloidsParticle size and size distributionParticlesSAXSTechnique

A Cross-Method Comparison of Sub-10 nm Nanoparticle Size Distribution

Yang, Ye; Liao, Suiyang; Luo, Zhi; Qi, Runzhang; Mac Fhionnlaoich, Niamh; Stellacci, Francesco; Guldin, Stefan

Accurate nanoparticle (NP) size determination is essential across research domains, with many functions in nanoscience and biomedical research being size-dependent. Although transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is capable of resolving a single NP down to the sub-nm scale, the reliable representation of entire populations is plagued by challenges in providing statistical…
Tandem catalysis in multicomponent solvent-free biofluids

Atkins, Dylan Luke; Berrocal, José Augusto; Mason, Alexander Francesco; Voets, Ilja Karina

ApplicationCharacterizationCustomer publicationsMaterialProteins & DNA/RNASAXSShapeSizeStructural biologyTechnique

Tandem catalysis in multicomponent solvent-free biofluids

Atkins, Dylan Luke; Berrocal, José Augusto; Mason, Alexander Francesco; Voets, Ilja Karina

Enzymes are widely employed to reduce the environmental impact of chemical industries as biocatalysts improve productivity and offer high selectively under mild reaction conditions in a diverse range of chemical transformations. The poor stability of biomacromolecules under reaction conditions is often a critical bottleneck to their application. Protein engineering or…
Tuning Pore Dimensions of Mesoporous Inorganic Films by Homopolymer Swelling

Reid, Barry; Alvarez-Fernandez, Alberto; Schmidt-Hansberg, Benjamin; Guldin, Stefan

ApplicationCharacteristic dimensionCharacterizationCustomer publicationsGISAXSInorganic materialMaterialOrientation analysisPhase analysisRenewable energySAXSSurface structure and patternsTechniqueThin films

Tuning Pore Dimensions of Mesoporous Inorganic Films by Homopolymer Swelling

Reid, Barry; Alvarez-Fernandez, Alberto; Schmidt-Hansberg, Benjamin; Guldin, Stefan

The functionality and applications of mesoporous inorganic films are closely linked to their mesopore dimensions. For material architectures derived from a block copolymer (BCP) micelle coassembly, the pore size is typically manipulated by changing the molecular weight corresponding to the pore-forming block. However, bespoke BCP synthesis is often a costly…
Studying Excipient Modulated Physical Stability and Viscosity of Monoclonal Antibody Formulations Using Small-Angle Scattering

Xu, Amy Yuanyuan; Castellanos, Maria Monica; Mattison, Kevin; Krueger, Susan; Curtis, Joseph E.

ApplicationCharacterizationCustomer publicationsMaterialParticle interactionsProteins & DNA/RNASAXSStructural biologyTechnique

Studying Excipient Modulated Physical Stability and Viscosity of Monoclonal Antibody Formulations Using Small-Angle Scattering

Xu, Amy Yuanyuan; Castellanos, Maria Monica; Mattison, Kevin; Krueger, Susan; Curtis, Joseph E.

Excipients are substances that are added to therapeutic products to improve stability, bioavailability, and manufacturability. Undesirable protein-protein interactions (PPI) can lead to self-association and/or high solution viscosity in concentrated protein formulations that are typically greater than 50 mg/mL. Therefore, understanding the effects of excipients on nonspecific PPI is important for